Také běžím pomalu

Pavel Frühauf

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):63  

Bacterial skin infection III. - infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial skin infections

doc. MUDr. Ondřej Kodet, Ph.D.

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):67-73 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.014  

The work provides a short, comprehensive overview of skin infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TBC) and atypical mycobacteria. The incidence of TB and atypical mycobacteriosis is increasing in the world, and skin involvement is one of the most common, along with the pulmonary manifestation. However, the Czech Republic is among the countries with the lowest incidence of TB in the world. The skin manifestation of these infections is rarer in our country, but it can affect patients in immunosuppression or with biological therapy, especially anti-TNF-alpha. In addition to the description of cutaneous forms of tuberculosis, attention...

Local hyperhidrosis - an underdiagnosed problem burdening the patient

MUDr. Petra Trojanová, Ph.D., MBA

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):74-77 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.015  

Primary hyperhidrosis is a condition of excessive local production of sweat that does not ensure thermoregulation of the given person. This disease puts the patient in unpleasant situations both in his working life and in his free time, and burdens his psyche. However, several treatment options can improve the daily life of such affected people. The first topical anticholinergic with the active ingredient glycopyrronium in the form of a cream brings a new treatment option.

Sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents

MUDr. Martina Skařupová Kubicová

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):78-85 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.016  

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections spread by sexual intercourse. Adolescents who initiate their sexual life early, experiment in sexual activities, and do not care about protecting their health are a risk group. The incidence of STDs has been increasing in the Czech Republic in recent years. Some of these diseases are compulsorily notifiable. Since 2011, there has been a gradual increase in the rates of gonococcal infection that have recently even exceeded those of syphilis infection. Between 2020 and 2022, it was gonococcal infection that had the highest rates in adolescents, followed by syphilis. The article particularly deals with...

Cutaneous adverse effects of systemic therapy for metastatic malignant melanoma

MUDr. Tereza Marušiaková

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):86-89 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.017  

The systemic therapy of malignant melanoma has undergone great development in the last ten years due to the discovery of new drugs from the groups of immunotherapeutics and targeted drugs. These substances significantly increase the frequency of remissions and prolong the overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma. In addition to the proven anti-tumor effect, however, they have a number of specific side effects that can affect the course and effectiveness of oncological treatment, and can be potentially life-threatening for the patient. These side effects are very often manifested on the skin. Skin toxicity is usually less severe and in...

Therapeutic options for skin cancers: BCC, SCC, MCC and DFSP

MUDr. Michaela Fridrichová, MUDr. Karolína Votavová

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):90-96 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.018  

Non-melanoma skin cancers frequently occur in elderly population. Despite their frequent occurence, these diagnoses exhibit low mortality. The timely treatment is important for prognosis of the disease. The first choice therapy is surgical removal of the tumor. Systemic therapy and/or radiotherapy applies in the advanced disease and in cases where surgery would mutilate the patient. Brachytherapy can be beneficial in well-defined indications especially with BCC. This article brings an overview of the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancers and their therapeutic options.

Pharmacological treatment of hyperpigmentation

MUDr. Elizabeth Pavlíčková, Ph.D.

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):97-104 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.019  

Skin pigmentation is the result of melanin produced by melanocytes in the epidermis. The activity of melanocytes, together with the type and distribution of melanin, is a major factor influencing the diversity of skin pigmentation. Dark melanin acts as protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, including photoaging and skin cancer. UV radiation, in turn, activates skin melanocytes to induce further pigmentation (i.e., the "tanning pathway"). The well-characterized MSH/MC1R-cAMP-MITF pathway regulates UV-induced melanogenesis. Pharmacological activation of this pathway (i.e. "sunless tanning") represents a potential strategy...

Effect of target therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors on the immune system in metastatic melanoma

MUDr. Linda Řandová, doc. MUDr. Ondřej Kodet, Ph.D.

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):105-107  

Target therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors is one of the main pillars of treating patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma. Despite a good therapeutic response, this treatment is burdened by early development resistance. A particular possibility to overcome this resistance is the combination of target therapy and immunotherapy. BRAF-mutated melanomas themselves have immunosuppressive properties that stimulate the tumour microenvironment. Target therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors significantly affects the immune tumour microenvironment, which could support the use of combination therapy with checkpoint inhibitors. However, these findings have not...

Bimekizumab in patient with psoriasis and psoriatic spondylarthritis

MUDr. Marie Policarová

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):108-111 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.020  

We present the case report of a 40year-old female patient with psoriasis ant psoriatic spondylarthritis, who was treated with whole-body phototherapy, methotrexate. Since March 2023 she is taking bimekizumab with an excellent effect on skin manifestations and a good effect on joint problems.

Recurrent impetigo faciei

MUDr. Paulína Cabalová

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):112-114 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.021  

Impetigo is a common infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis which is highly contagious, commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Strep. pyogenes. The prevalence is highest among the little children attending daycare centers, the peak incidence is during summer and fall. Treatment of non-complicated infections involves topical antibiotics, in cases of systemic signs of infection, systemic oral antibiotic treatment is used. Impetigo is often self-limiting and resolves without scarring, the most common complication, especially during summer, is hyperpigmentation of the skin.

Rosacea fulminans

MUDr. Gabriela Takáčová, MBA, prof. MUDr. Jagienka Jautová, PhD., MBA

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):115-117 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.022  

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, localized primarily in the centrofacial area. Dysregulation of the nervous and vascular system, dysruption of the skin barrier function and innate immunity are crutial in etiopathogenesis. Due to the location and possible severity of the symptoms, the disease significantly affects the patient's quality of life. We demonstrate the case report of a 25-year-old patient with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of rosacea (papulo-pustular variant), who developed a fulminant form during therapy. We point out the importance of complex management regarding the form and stage of the disease.

Irrigation and poultice solutions in wound healing

Mgr. Markéta Koutná, Ph.D.

Dermatol. praxi. 2024;18(2):118-122 | DOI: 10.36290/der.2024.023  

The spectrum of solutions of intended for the treatment and healing of wounds is constantly expanding and curently includes around two dozen names containing various therapeutic substances. In clinical practice, health professiolnals lose track of the indications of individual liquid solutions and the differences between them. The contribution focuses on the division of individual solutions into groups with their characteristics regarding the content of the active substance, action on pathogens, contraindications, exposure time, pH and other properties, including the method of application.