Editorial k roku 2008

prof. MUDr. Pavel Barták CSc

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):3  

The options of hormonal treatment of acne

doc. MUDr. Jarmila Rulcová CSc

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):6-9  

Acne vulgaris accompanied by seborrhea and in some cases also by other symptoms of androgen secretion excess belongs to the most frequent diseases of teen age. The treatment with combined contraceptives brings very good results in spite of the fact that women suffering from acne, seborhoic dermatitis and mild hirsutism have in most cases normal plasmatic levels of androgens. Especially combinations with antiangrogens are causal therapy, because they block androgenic influence on receptor level, decrease the activity of 5-alfa-reductase and suppress hypothalamopituitary function. Cyproteronacetate shows the strongest antiangrogenic activity, followed...

Contact hypersensitivity to medications after external use

doc. MUDr. Eliška Dastychová CSc

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):10-15  

Components of externally used medications may cause contact hypersensitivity. Both active and supportive components may become allergens. Sulphonamides, local anesthetics, antibiotics, antimycotic medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids as active substances, and preserving, antioxidant, and emulsifying agents as supportive substances may all trigger contact sensibilization. Currently sensibilization to neomycin, ketoprophen and corticosteroids is the most important.

Contact urticaria

doc. MUDr. Marie Viktorinová CSc

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):16-18  

Contact urticaria belongs amongst short-term acute urticaria. It is characterized by formations of hives, erythema and itching of skin in contact with a trigger. The pathogenetic mechanism of contact hives may be immunologic, mediated by IgE antibodies, or non-immunologic. Usually most of skin manifestations disappear quickly. Seldom manifestation can be generalized with constitutional symptoms and even an anaphylactic shock. The article discusses causes of contact urticaria, clinical picture, diagnostic algorhytms leading to clarifi­cation of the cause and treatment.

Onychomycosis

MUDr. Zuzana Kulíková

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):19-21  

Onychomycosis is a mycotic infection of a nail apparatus that consists of a nailplate, nail matrix and a nailbed. The disease itself is not life threatening but could cause in patients and especially immunocompromised subjects serious complications. In some untreated forms it could cause significant pain that leads to psychological and social problems and decrease of patients’ quality of life.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

MUDr. Yvetta Vantuchová Ph.D

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):23-25  

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a neuroendocrine skin cancer with the agressive biological behaviour. Incidence of MCC is 0,4 per 100 000 and five years survival rate is 65 %. The most common sites of primary lesion are head, neck and extremities. Optimal treatment of patiens with MCC is radical surgery, dissection of regional lymphatic nodes with sentinel lymph node detection and adjuvant locoregional radiotherapy if risk prognostic factors are present. The role of chemotherapy is controversial and should be considered in patients with advanced disease.

Urea - always actual and discussed

prof. MUDr. Jiří Záhejský DrSc

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):28-30  

Urea (carbamidum) is a substance used for a long time in dermatology and cosmetic products in various formulas and concentrations. That causes variabilities in the assessment of pharmacological and clinical effect. An important biological role of urea in the phylogenetic progress of barrier functions in vertebratea (in amphibians) and in the consolidating of optimal hydration and barrier function of the skin surface in human is presented in this report. Results of this work imply topics for further clinical possibilities of the utilization of urea and for scientific research concerning urea both in pharmacology and dermatology.

Diabetic foot syndrome - a serious complication of diabetes mellitus

MUDr. Pavlína Piťhová

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):32-36  

Syndrome of diabetic foot describes a destructive involvement of tissues of lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus distally from the ankle resulting in vast ulcerations, gangrene and in ultimate cases even a necessity of amputation. It is a serious medical and social problem and one of the most expensive complications of diabetes mellitus. The treatment of diabetic foot syndrome requires long-term hospitalization and rehabilitation, patients frequently require home care and social services. The involvement of lower extremities is 17–50 times more frequent in diabetic patients in comparison with non-diabetic patients. Syndrome of...

Options of balneotherapy in current pharmacotherapy of chronic dermatosis

MUDr. Kateřina Macháčková

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):37-38  

The article summarizes options of current balneotherapy in the treatment of chronic skin diseases. It discuses pharmacokinetics of sulphuretted hydrogen, describes methodology of sulphur baths which are considered from the dermatology perspective to have the strongest effect. A case report of balneotherapy of chronic psoriasis is presented. Indications and contraindications of this treatment method are discussed as well as a psychosocial burden and its negative effect on the course of the disease.

Exacerbace kontaktní alergické dermatitidy po perorálním požití alergenu

MUDr. Iva Karlová, doc. MUDr. Marie Viktorinová CSc, MUDr. Martina Bienová Ph.D

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):41-42  

Dry skin and urea

MUDr. Ivana Krajsová MBA

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):26  

Dry skin can be induced by enviromental and individual factors. Characteritics of dry skin are thickness of horny layer, redness, itching and painful fissures. Invisible barrier function defects can be measured as an increased transepidermal water loss. Urea is one of the natural moisturizing factors. Eucerin 10% Urea lotion activelly rehydrates dry skin, decreases desquamation, redness and itching an is very important in adjunctive therapy for patients with various dermatologic disorders.

Rozšířená podpora života neboli rozšířená neodkladná resuscitace

MUDr. Bronislav Klementa

Dermatol. praxi. 2008;2(1):43-46